Rare but serious risks include pancreatitis and thyroid concerns
Interestingly, GLP-1(2836) amide, a metabolite that does not bind to GLP-1R, was found to protect against cardiac injury in mice after LAD artery ligation by a mechanism involving mitochondrial trifunctional protein- (MTP) and intracellular soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) in cardiac smooth muscle and endothelial cells, but not cardiomyocytes (24)
Y.et al (2024)
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However, the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has highlighted that hypoglycemia occurs much more frequently (closer to 30%) and is observed with similar frequency in both RYGB and VSG (23, 177, 230)
On December 15, 2025, the United States Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (JPML) announced a new multidistrict litigation (MDL) docket