Vitamin B-12 is essential for the creation of DNA and the metabolism of cells, and deficiencies in these can lead to anemia, fatigue, muscle weakness, digestive issues, nerve damage, and mood swings
Further studies are needed to determine whether other factors may also be involved
Sources on this page Each source record is linked to the claim or evidence note it supports
For example, B12 shots of 25-50 mg doses (nearly a whole monthly vial of ours) have been used to treat cyanide poisoning, neuropathy, and ALS
(For more on this, see which form of vitamin B12 is best.) Smaller doses are less likely to cause issues
Route/evidence mismatch: the pivotal mouse study tested subcutaneous injection at a fixed research dose (20 mg/kg, three times daily) the oral capsule use that is actually sold and discussed commercially has not itself been directly tested in that published research