Causes of High Homocysteine Levels (Hyperhomocysteinemia) Many factors contribute to high homocysteine levels: Insufficient folate, vitamin B 6 , vitamin B 12 , betaine, vitamin B 2 , and magnesium Certain prescription drugs (including cholestyramine, colestipol, fenofibrate, levodopa, metformin, methotrexate, high-dose niacin, nitrous oxide, pemetrexed, phenytoin, sulfasalazine) High-methionine diet (including red meat and dairy products) Smoking High coffee consumption Alcohol consumption Advancing age Obesity Genetic variant that causes an impaired ability to metabolize active folate from folic acid Note: Life Extension believes that the optimal range for homocysteine levels is 11 mol/L) has been associated with a substantial increase in risk of dementia in the elderly
Diabetes Complications 35 , 108050
The expression profiles of the transcripts of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in both human and mouse oviducts and oocytes have also been examined [16]
(Please note that I am presenting a tremendous over-simplification about genetics here
Figure D-B2 shows the distribution of final scores for solo practitioners
While it ensures direct systemic absorption, it is less patient-friendly and may result in reduced treatment adherence