10.7150/thno.35219 Theranostics
10p), and GGsTop delivery in drinking water led to inhibition of GGT activity in animals and suppressed tumour growth (Extended Data Fig
Acknowledgements We would like to thank all the members of ONeills lab for helpful discussion, especially Kathy Banahan for technical support
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Glossary AD Alzheimers disease AI Artificial Intelligence AFM atomic force microscopy BBB blood-brain barrier B-CQDs boron-doped carbon quantum dots CCK-8 cell counting kit-8 CDs carbon dots CNTs carbon nanotubes CNS central nervous system CQDs carbon quantum dots CV cyclic voltammetry DLS dynamic light scattering DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ECL electrochemiluminescence ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay FDA Food and Drug Administration FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy GBM glioblastoma multiforme GMP good manufacturing practice GQDs graphene quantum dots hBMSCs human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells HEWL hen egg-white lysosome HP hematoporphyrin IC50 half-maximal inhibitory concentration MIC minimum inhibitory concentration miRNA microRNA MRI magnetic resonance imaging MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide N-CQDs nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots OoC organ-on-a-chip PBS phosphate buffered saline PCDs polymer carbon dots PDT photodynamic therapy PEG polyethylene glycol PL photoluminescence PLQY photoluminescence quantum yield PSs photosensitisers PSA prostate-specific antigen PTX-CDs paclitaxel-derived carbon dots QY quantum yield R-CQDs red fluorescent carbon quantum dots RES reticuloendothelial system ROS reactive oxygen species SWCNTs single-walled carbon nanotubes TEM transmission electron microscopy UV-Vis ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy WS-CQDs wheat straw-derived carbon quantum dots XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XRD X-ray diffraction References 1

Similar favorable results have also been reported in muscular dystrophy mice models, where sulforaphane treatment alleviated muscle inflammation in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice (Sun et al., 2015b)