Mice undergoing in vivo reprogramming were found to become depleted in B 12 and show signs of methionine starvation while supplementing reprogramming mice and cells with B 12 increased reprogramming efficiency, indicating a cell-intrinsic effect
The peptide accelerates healing but cannot overcome ongoing mechanical damage from repetitive strain
Reduced inflammatory cytokine activity, improved microvascular integrity, and beneficial effects on pain modulation through peripheral and dopaminergic mechanisms are among the reported effects in animal studies
Oral capsules also eliminate sterility concerns and provide more accurate dosing than reconstituted solutions
However, the optimal dosing strategy remains debated, with some studies suggesting that intermittent high-dose regimens may be less effective or potentially harmful compared to daily dosing
This, in turn, means flood peaks are greater and erosion is increased