A 2024 study found deficiency prevalence ranges from 5% to 52% in vegans, with the wide gap reflecting differences in supplement use
It is important to be clear about where the evidence comes from: GHK-Cu is used overwhelmingly topically in cosmetics , where most of its human data small studies of creams and serums for skin firmness, fine lines and wound repair actually lies [6]
(PubMed) Becker RE, Giacobini E
Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes or seizure disorders, should avoid using Acetyl L-Carnitine without consulting a doctor first
The strongest, proven benefits for skin come from topical application
Oral supplements require intrinsic factor for absorption, and many people (especially those over 50) have reduced absorption capacity