Additionally, cocaine induces apoptosis in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells, contributing to vasoconstriction and ischemia, resulting in significant neurological damage ( 3.2 Neurological damage and psychiatric symptoms The neurological effects of cocaine include diffuse leukoencephalopathy, which is characterized by vasospasms, cerebral ischemia, and posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy (Rowbotham and Lowenstein, 1990
May 22, 2025
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The beta-secretase enzyme BACE in health and Alzheimer's disease: regulation, cell biology, function, and therapeutic potential